From: Donald.K.Yeomans@ccmail.jpl.nasa.gov To: Charles.S.Morris@jpl.nasa.gov, david_dunham@jhuapl.edu, rwest@eso.org, Ronald.C.Baalke@jpl.nasa.gov, weaver@ari.net, storrs@stsci.edu, mmumma@lepvax.gsfc.nasa.gov Subject: Hyakutake ephemeris update Orbit and Ephemeris Updates for Comet 1996 B2 Hyakutake Don Yeomans - JPL Apr. 5, 1996 Radar Doppler data for March 24-25 (provided by Steve Ostro) and additional optical astrometric data through March 29 have been included in the following orbit. Object: Comet 1996 B2 Hyakutake Ref. Solution: 34 Planetary Ephemeris: DE403 No. Observations: 636 Observation Arc: 1996 Jan 1 - 1996 Mar 29 ---- Optical Residuals ---- RA Dec Total Maximum Residual Difference .002 .004 Mean .013 -.003 .014 RMS, unweighted .908 .778 .845 No. optical observations: 633 ----- Radar Residuals ----- Delay Doppler Radar+Optical Normalized RMS .000 3.278 .859 No. Delay, Doppler Obs.: 0, 3 ---- Corrected Elements (J2000): Solution 34 Epoch 2450206.50000 = 1996 May 3.00000 Post-Fit Std.Dev. e 0.999887068 .000004182 q 0.230200536 .000003190 Tp 2450204.8936884 .0000507 1996 May 1.39369 Node 188.0453468 .0000440 w 130.1786541 .0005996 i 124.9229369 .0002434 ---- Elements at other epochs: Epoch (TDB) e q Node w i Tp 1996 Mar 30.0 .9998899 .2302044 188.045181 130.177783 124.922660 1996 May 1.393705 1996 Apr 6.0 .9998887 .2302021 188.045181 130.178188 124.922656 1996 May 1.393685 1996 Apr 13.0 .9998886 .2302014 188.045275 130.178368 124.922858 1996 May 1.393676 1996 Apr 20.0 .9998871 .2302007 188.045326 130.178597 124.922930 1996 May 1.393686 1996 Apr 27.0 .9998869 .2302005 188.045341 130.178656 124.922939 1996 May 1.393689 e: Eccentricity q: Perihelion passage distance (AU) Node: Longitude of the ascending node (deg.) w: Argument of perihelion (deg.) i: Inclination (deg.) Tp: Perihelion passage time (TDB) The apparent total magnitude predictions in the following ephemeris are rough estimates. The ephemeris uncertainties are at the one arc second level for this interval Ephemeris (with perturbations) for Comet 1996 B2 Hyakutake JPL Ref. orbit No. 34 by D.K. Yeomans, Apr. 5, 1996 Ephemeris output times are UTC (not TT). Date (UT) Hr R.A. J2000 Dec. Delta Deldot r Theta Beta Moon PsAng TMag 1996 Apr 4 00 03 08 19.69 +47 38 50.0 .335 54.14 .830 50.8 110.9 129 45.4 1.8 1996 Apr 4 12 03 07 44.25 +46 48 05.0 .351 54.38 .819 49.8 111.1 135 45.3 1.9 1996 Apr 5 00 03 07 11.02 +46 01 21.7 .367 54.58 .807 48.8 111.3 140 45.2 1.9 1996 Apr 5 12 03 06 39.52 +45 18 09.7 .382 54.77 .796 47.8 111.3 144 45.1 1.9 1996 Apr 6 00 03 06 09.36 +44 38 03.2 .398 54.93 .784 46.9 111.4 148 45.0 1.9 1996 Apr 6 12 03 05 40.22 +44 00 40.1 .414 55.08 .773 46.0 111.4 151 44.9 2.0 1996 Apr 7 00 03 05 11.85 +43 25 41.1 .430 55.22 .761 45.1 111.3 152 44.7 2.0 1996 Apr 7 12 03 04 44.03 +42 52 49.9 .446 55.34 .750 44.3 111.2 151 44.6 2.0 1996 Apr 8 00 03 04 16.56 +42 21 51.8 .462 55.46 .738 43.4 111.1 149 44.4 2.0 1996 Apr 8 12 03 03 49.29 +41 52 34.3 .478 55.56 .726 42.6 110.9 145 44.2 2.0 1996 Apr 9 00 03 03 22.08 +41 24 46.2 .494 55.66 .714 41.8 110.7 141 44.0 2.0 1996 Apr 9 12 03 02 54.80 +40 58 17.6 .510 55.76 .702 41.1 110.4 136 43.7 2.0 1996 Apr 10 00 03 02 27.34 +40 32 59.7 .526 55.85 .690 40.3 110.1 130 43.5 2.0 1996 Apr 10 12 03 01 59.61 +40 08 44.6 .542 55.94 .678 39.6 109.8 124 43.2 2.0 1996 Apr 11 00 03 01 31.51 +39 45 25.1 .559 56.03 .666 38.8 109.5 118 42.9 2.0 1996 Apr 11 12 03 01 02.96 +39 22 54.9 .575 56.11 .654 38.1 109.1 111 42.6 2.0 1996 Apr 12 00 03 00 33.88 +39 01 08.0 .591 56.19 .642 37.4 108.7 105 42.3 1.9 1996 Apr 12 12 03 00 04.21 +38 39 59.1 .607 56.28 .630 36.6 108.3 98 42.0 1.9 1996 Apr 13 00 02 59 33.86 +38 19 23.1 .623 56.36 .618 35.9 107.8 92 41.6 1.9 1996 Apr 13 12 02 59 02.78 +37 59 15.5 .640 56.44 .606 35.2 107.3 85 41.2 1.9 1996 Apr 14 00 02 58 30.89 +37 39 31.8 .656 56.52 .593 34.5 106.7 78 40.8 1.8 1996 Apr 14 12 02 57 58.15 +37 20 08.1 .672 56.60 .581 33.8 106.1 72 40.4 1.8 1996 Apr 15 00 02 57 24.49 +37 01 00.3 .689 56.68 .568 33.1 105.5 65 40.0 1.7 1996 Apr 15 12 02 56 49.84 +36 42 04.7 .705 56.76 .556 32.4 104.8 59 39.5 1.7 1996 Apr 16 00 02 56 14.15 +36 23 17.9 .722 56.84 .543 31.7 104.1 52 39.0 1.6 1996 Apr 16 12 02 55 37.36 +36 04 36.1 .738 56.92 .531 31.0 103.4 46 38.5 1.6 1996 Apr 17 00 02 54 59.42 +35 45 56.0 .754 57.00 .518 30.3 102.6 40 38.0 1.5 1996 Apr 17 12 02 54 20.26 +35 27 14.1 .771 57.07 .506 29.5 101.7 34 37.4 1.5 1996 Apr 18 00 02 53 39.83 +35 08 27.1 .787 57.15 .493 28.8 100.8 29 36.8 1.4 1996 Apr 18 12 02 52 58.06 +34 49 31.4 .804 57.22 .480 28.1 99.8 25 36.2 1.3 1996 Apr 19 00 02 52 14.91 +34 30 23.5 .820 57.28 .468 27.4 98.8 21 35.6 1.3 1996 Apr 19 12 02 51 30.31 +34 10 59.8 .837 57.34 .455 26.7 97.7 20 34.9 1.2 1996 Apr 20 00 02 50 44.20 +33 51 16.6 .854 57.38 .442 25.9 96.5 20 34.2 1.1 1996 Apr 20 12 02 49 56.54 +33 31 10.1 .870 57.42 .430 25.2 95.2 23 33.4 1.0 1996 Apr 21 00 02 49 07.26 +33 10 36.2 .887 57.44 .417 24.5 93.9 27 32.6 .9 1996 Apr 21 12 02 48 16.32 +32 49 30.6 .903 57.43 .405 23.7 92.4 31 31.8 .8 1996 Apr 22 00 02 47 23.66 +32 27 48.8 .920 57.40 .392 22.9 90.9 36 30.9 .8 1996 Apr 22 12 02 46 29.24 +32 05 26.2 .936 57.34 .380 22.2 89.2 42 30.0 .7 1996 Apr 23 00 02 45 33.03 +31 42 17.7 .953 57.24 .367 21.4 87.4 47 29.0 .5 1996 Apr 23 12 02 44 35.01 +31 18 17.9 .969 57.09 .355 20.6 85.5 53 27.9 .4 1996 Apr 24 00 02 43 35.16 +30 53 21.2 .986 56.87 .343 19.8 83.4 59 26.7 .3 1996 Apr 24 12 02 42 33.48 +30 27 21.6 1.002 56.57 .331 19.0 81.1 65 25.5 .2 1996 Apr 25 00 02 41 30.02 +30 00 12.8 1.019 56.18 .320 18.2 78.7 71 24.2 .1 1996 Apr 25 12 02 40 24.81 +29 31 48.2 1.035 55.68 .309 17.3 76.1 76 22.7 .0 1996 Apr 26 00 02 39 17.97 +29 02 01.1 1.051 55.04 .298 16.5 73.3 83 21.2 -.2 1996 Apr 26 12 02 38 09.64 +28 30 44.8 1.066 54.23 .287 15.6 70.3 89 19.4 -.3 1996 Apr 27 00 02 37 00.01 +27 57 52.6 1.082 53.23 .278 14.7 67.0 95 17.5 -.4 1996 Apr 27 12 02 35 49.35 +27 23 18.4 1.097 52.01 .268 13.8 63.5 101 15.4 -.5 1996 Apr 28 00 02 34 38.01 +26 46 56.7 1.112 50.53 .260 12.9 59.8 107 13.0 -.6 1996 Apr 28 12 02 33 26.42 +26 08 43.4 1.126 48.77 .252 12.0 55.9 114 10.4 -.7 1996 Apr 29 00 02 32 15.11 +25 28 36.0 1.140 46.71 .246 11.1 51.9 120 7.3 -.8 1996 Apr 29 12 02 31 04.68 +24 46 34.5 1.153 44.33 .240 10.1 47.6 127 3.7 -.9 1996 Apr 30 00 02 29 55.82 +24 02 41.3 1.166 41.64 .236 9.2 43.3 133 359.4 -.9 1996 Apr 30 12 02 28 49.26 +23 17 02.2 1.177 38.66 .232 8.4 39.1 140 354.3 -1.0 1996 May 1 00 02 27 45.76 +22 29 46.0 1.188 35.44 .231 7.5 34.9 147 348.2 -1.0 1996 May 1 12 02 26 46.05 +21 41 04.4 1.198 32.04 .230 6.8 31.1 154 340.7 -1.0 1996 May 2 00 02 25 50.78 +20 51 11.5 1.206 28.53 .231 6.2 27.9 161 331.6 -1.0 1996 May 2 12 02 25 00.52 +20 00 22.8 1.214 25.00 .234 5.7 25.3 167 320.9 -.9 1996 May 3 00 02 24 15.67 +19 08 54.3 1.221 21.52 .237 5.4 23.6 173 308.7 -.8 1996 May 3 12 02 23 36.51 +18 17 01.6 1.227 18.16 .242 5.4 23.0 173 296.0 -.7 1996 May 4 00 02 23 03.18 +17 24 59.1 1.231 14.99 .248 5.6 23.3 167 283.8 -.6 1996 May 4 12 02 22 35.66 +16 32 59.3 1.235 12.03 .255 6.0 24.4 160 273.0 -.5 1996 May 5 00 02 22 13.85 +15 41 12.6 1.238 9.31 .263 6.6 26.0 153 263.8 -.3 1996 May 5 12 02 21 57.56 +14 49 47.3 1.241 6.83 .272 7.3 28.0 146 256.3 -.2 1996 May 6 00 02 21 46.55 +13 58 49.7 1.242 4.60 .281 8.0 30.1 138 250.2 .0 1996 May 6 12 02 21 40.54 +13 08 24.2 1.243 2.61 .291 8.9 32.3 131 245.2 .1 1996 May 7 00 02 21 39.25 +12 18 33.8 1.244 .84 .302 9.7 34.4 123 241.1 .3 1996 May 7 12 02 21 42.36 +11 29 20.1 1.244 -.74 .313 10.6 36.4 116 237.7 .4 1996 May 8 00 02 21 49.59 +10 40 43.8 1.244 -2.13 .324 11.5 38.3 109 234.8 .6 1996 May 8 12 02 22 00.68 +09 52 44.9 1.243 -3.35 .336 12.4 40.2 101 232.4 .7 1996 May 9 00 02 22 15.35 +09 05 22.8 1.242 -4.43 .348 13.3 41.9 94 230.3 .9 1996 May 9 12 02 22 33.36 +08 18 36.3 1.240 -5.37 .360 14.2 43.5 87 228.5 1.0 1996 May 10 00 02 22 54.49 +07 32 24.1 1.238 -6.20 .372 15.1 44.9 80 226.8 1.2 1996 May 10 12 02 23 18.54 +06 46 44.6 1.237 -6.93 .385 16.0 46.3 73 225.4 1.3 1996 May 11 00 02 23 45.33 +06 01 36.3 1.235 -7.56 .397 16.9 47.6 66 224.1 1.4 1996 May 11 12 02 24 14.68 +05 16 57.4 1.232 -8.11 .410 17.7 48.7 59 223.0 1.6 1996 May 12 00 02 24 46.45 +04 32 46.1 1.230 -8.59 .422 18.6 49.8 52 222.0 1.7 1996 May 12 12 02 25 20.49 +03 49 00.8 1.227 -9.00 .435 19.5 50.8 45 221.0 1.8 1996 May 13 00 02 25 56.68 +03 05 39.6 1.225 -9.36 .448 20.3 51.7 39 220.2 1.9 1996 May 13 12 02 26 34.91 +02 22 41.1 1.222 -9.66 .460 21.2 52.6 32 219.4 2.1 1996 May 14 00 02 27 15.08 +01 40 03.5 1.219 -9.92 .473 22.0 53.4 26 218.7 2.2 1996 May 14 12 02 27 57.09 +00 57 45.3 1.216 -10.14 .486 22.9 54.1 21 218.0 2.3 1996 May 15 00 02 28 40.87 +00 15 45.2 1.213 -10.31 .498 23.7 54.7 16 217.4 2.4 1996 May 15 12 02 29 26.34 -00 25 58.4 1.210 -10.46 .511 24.6 55.3 13 216.8 2.5 1996 May 16 00 02 30 13.44 -01 07 26.7 1.207 -10.57 .523 25.4 55.9 14 216.3 2.6 1996 May 16 12 02 31 02.10 -01 48 40.9 1.204 -10.65 .536 26.2 56.4 16 215.8 2.7 1996 May 17 00 02 31 52.27 -02 29 42.4 1.201 -10.71 .549 27.0 56.9 21 215.3 2.8 1996 May 17 12 02 32 43.90 -03 10 32.1 1.198 -10.74 .561 27.8 57.3 26 214.9 2.9 1996 May 18 00 02 33 36.94 -03 51 11.2 1.195 -10.75 .573 28.6 57.7 31 214.4 3.0 1996 May 18 12 02 34 31.36 -04 31 40.6 1.192 -10.74 .586 29.4 58.0 37 214.0 3.1 1996 May 19 00 02 35 27.13 -05 12 01.2 1.189 -10.71 .598 30.2 58.3 43 213.7 3.1 1996 May 19 12 02 36 24.21 -05 52 13.9 1.186 -10.66 .611 31.0 58.6 48 213.3 3.2 1996 May 20 00 02 37 22.57 -06 32 19.6 1.182 -10.59 .623 31.8 58.8 54 213.0 3.3 1996 May 20 12 02 38 22.18 -07 12 19.0 1.179 -10.51 .635 32.6 59.1 60 212.7 3.4 1996 May 21 00 02 39 23.04 -07 52 12.8 1.176 -10.41 .647 33.3 59.3 65 212.4 3.5 1996 May 21 12 02 40 25.10 -08 32 01.7 1.173 -10.30 .659 34.1 59.4 71 212.1 3.5 1996 May 22 00 02 41 28.37 -09 11 46.2 1.170 -10.17 .671 34.9 59.6 76 211.8 3.6 1996 May 22 12 02 42 32.82 -09 51 27.0 1.168 -10.03 .683 35.6 59.7 82 211.5 3.7 1996 May 23 00 02 43 38.44 -10 31 04.6 1.165 -9.88 .695 36.4 59.8 87 211.3 3.8 1996 May 23 12 02 44 45.23 -11 10 39.4 1.162 -9.72 .707 37.2 59.9 92 211.0 3.8 1996 May 24 00 02 45 53.16 -11 50 11.9 1.159 -9.54 .719 37.9 59.9 97 210.8 3.9 1996 May 24 12 02 47 02.24 -12 29 42.6 1.156 -9.35 .731 38.7 60.0 103 210.5 4.0 1996 May 25 00 02 48 12.46 -13 09 11.6 1.154 -9.16 .743 39.4 60.0 108 210.3 4.0 1996 May 25 12 02 49 23.82 -13 48 39.5 1.151 -8.95 .754 40.2 60.0 113 210.1 4.1 1996 May 26 00 02 50 36.31 -14 28 06.4 1.148 -8.73 .766 40.9 60.0 118 209.9 4.1 1996 May 26 12 02 51 49.93 -15 07 32.6 1.146 -8.50 .778 41.6 60.0 123 209.7 4.2 1996 May 27 00 02 53 04.68 -15 46 58.4 1.144 -8.27 .789 42.4 60.0 127 209.5 4.3 1996 May 27 12 02 54 20.57 -16 26 23.9 1.141 -8.02 .801 43.1 59.9 132 209.3 4.3 1996 May 28 00 02 55 37.59 -17 05 49.3 1.139 -7.77 .812 43.8 59.8 136 209.2 4.4 1996 May 28 12 02 56 55.75 -17 45 14.6 1.137 -7.50 .823 44.6 59.8 139 209.0 4.4 1996 May 29 00 02 58 15.05 -18 24 40.1 1.135 -7.23 .835 45.3 59.7 142 208.8 4.5 1996 May 29 12 02 59 35.51 -19 04 05.7 1.133 -6.95 .846 46.0 59.6 145 208.7 4.5 1996 May 30 00 03 00 57.12 -19 43 31.5 1.131 -6.66 .857 46.7 59.4 146 208.5 4.6 1996 May 30 12 03 02 19.90 -20 22 57.5 1.129 -6.37 .869 47.5 59.3 146 208.3 4.7 1996 May 31 00 03 03 43.86 -21 02 23.6 1.127 -6.06 .880 48.2 59.2 145 208.2 4.7 1996 May 31 12 03 05 09.00 -21 41 49.8 1.125 -5.75 .891 48.9 59.0 143 208.0 4.8 1996 Jun 1 00 03 06 35.33 -22 21 16.0 1.124 -5.43 .902 49.6 58.9 140 207.9 4.8 1996 Jun 1 12 03 08 02.87 -23 00 42.1 1.122 -5.11 .913 50.3 58.7 136 207.8 4.9 1996 Jun 2 00 03 09 31.63 -23 40 08.0 1.121 -4.78 .924 51.0 58.5 131 207.6 4.9 1996 Jun 2 12 03 11 01.63 -24 19 33.6 1.119 -4.44 .935 51.7 58.4 127 207.5 5.0 1996 Jun 3 00 03 12 32.87 -24 58 58.5 1.118 -4.09 .946 52.4 58.2 121 207.4 5.0 1996 Jun 3 12 03 14 05.37 -25 38 22.7 1.117 -3.74 .957 53.1 58.0 116 207.2 5.0 1996 Jun 4 00 03 15 39.16 -26 17 45.9 1.116 -3.38 .967 53.8 57.8 111 207.1 5.1 1996 Jun 4 12 03 17 14.23 -26 57 07.9 1.115 -3.02 .978 54.4 57.5 105 207.0 5.1 1996 Jun 5 00 03 18 50.62 -27 36 28.4 1.114 -2.65 .989 55.1 57.3 100 206.8 5.2 1996 Jun 5 12 03 20 28.34 -28 15 47.0 1.113 -2.27 1.000 55.8 57.1 95 206.7 5.2 1996 Jun 6 00 03 22 07.41 -28 55 03.6 1.113 -1.89 1.010 56.5 56.9 89 206.6 5.3 1996 Jun 6 12 03 23 47.85 -29 34 17.7 1.112 -1.51 1.021 57.1 56.6 84 206.5 5.3 1996 Jun 7 00 03 25 29.67 -30 13 29.0 1.112 -1.12 1.031 57.8 56.4 80 206.4 5.4 1996 Jun 7 12 03 27 12.91 -30 52 37.2 1.112 -.72 1.042 58.5 56.1 75 206.2 5.4 1996 Jun 8 00 03 28 57.57 -31 31 41.8 1.112 -.32 1.053 59.1 55.9 71 206.1 5.5 1996 Jun 8 12 03 30 43.68 -32 10 42.5 1.112 .09 1.063 59.8 55.6 67 206.0 5.5 1996 Jun 9 00 03 32 31.27 -32 49 38.8 1.112 .50 1.073 60.4 55.3 63 205.9 5.5 1996 Jun 9 12 03 34 20.36 -33 28 30.3 1.112 .91 1.084 61.1 55.1 60 205.8 5.6 1996 Jun 10 00 03 36 10.96 -34 07 16.6 1.112 1.33 1.094 61.7 54.8 58 205.7 5.6 1996 Jun 10 12 03 38 03.12 -34 45 57.1 1.113 1.75 1.104 62.3 54.5 56 205.6 5.7 1996 Jun 11 00 03 39 56.84 -35 24 31.4 1.113 2.17 1.115 63.0 54.2 54 205.4 5.7 1996 Jun 11 12 03 41 52.16 -36 02 59.0 1.114 2.60 1.125 63.6 53.9 53 205.3 5.7 1996 Jun 12 00 03 43 49.10 -36 41 19.3 1.115 3.04 1.135 64.2 53.7 53 205.2 5.8 1996 Jun 12 12 03 45 47.70 -37 19 31.9 1.116 3.47 1.145 64.8 53.4 53 205.1 5.8 1996 Jun 13 00 03 47 47.97 -37 57 36.3 1.117 3.91 1.155 65.4 53.1 53 205.0 5.9 1996 Jun 13 12 03 49 49.96 -38 35 31.8 1.118 4.35 1.166 66.0 52.8 54 204.8 5.9 1996 Jun 14 00 03 51 53.68 -39 13 18.0 1.119 4.79 1.176 66.6 52.5 56 204.7 5.9 1996 Jun 14 12 03 53 59.16 -39 50 54.2 1.121 5.24 1.186 67.2 52.2 58 204.6 6.0 1996 Jun 15 00 03 56 06.44 -40 28 20.0 1.122 5.69 1.196 67.8 51.9 60 204.5 6.0 1996 Jun 15 12 03 58 15.55 -41 05 34.7 1.124 6.14 1.206 68.4 51.6 62 204.3 6.1 1996 Jun 16 00 04 00 26.52 -41 42 37.8 1.126 6.59 1.216 68.9 51.3 64 204.2 6.1 1996 Jun 16 12 04 02 39.39 -42 19 28.7 1.128 7.04 1.226 69.5 50.9 67 204.1 6.1 1996 Jun 17 00 04 04 54.18 -42 56 06.7 1.130 7.49 1.235 70.1 50.6 69 203.9 6.2 1996 Jun 17 12 04 07 10.92 -43 32 31.4 1.132 7.95 1.245 70.6 50.3 72 203.8 6.2 1996 Jun 18 00 04 09 29.66 -44 08 42.1 1.134 8.41 1.255 71.2 50.0 75 203.7 6.3 1996 Jun 18 12 04 11 50.43 -44 44 38.3 1.137 8.86 1.265 71.7 49.7 77 203.5 6.3 1996 Jun 19 00 04 14 13.26 -45 20 19.3 1.140 9.32 1.275 72.2 49.4 80 203.4 6.3 1996 Jun 19 12 04 16 38.19 -45 55 44.5 1.142 9.78 1.284 72.8 49.1 83 203.2 6.4 1996 Jun 20 00 04 19 05.25 -46 30 53.5 1.145 10.23 1.294 73.3 48.8 85 203.1 6.4 R.A. J2000 Dec. = Geocentric astrometric right ascension and declination referred to the mean equator and equinox of J2000. Light time corrections have been applied Delta = Geocentric distance of object in AU Deldot = Geocentric radial velocity of object in km/s r = Heliocentric distance of object in AU Theta = Sun-Earth-Object angle in degrees Beta = Sun-Object-Earth angle in degrees Moon = Object-Earth-Moon angle in degrees PsAng = Position angle of extended radius vector in degrees TMag = Approximate Total magnitude = 5.0 + 5.0*log(Delta) + 10.0*log(r)