PONCHADO

The history of our first stellar spectra with a fibre spectrograph started in 1993 with a test bench spectrograph. The configuration used at that time was the "crossed Czerny-Turned" design with spherical mirrors. This configuration was very compact but unfortunately generates high astigmatism. Since our spectra are limited by dark current noise and the spectrum spreads 10 to 14 pixels perpendicular to the dispersion, this configuration was abandoned. After some trials, we finally adopted the classical "textbook" layout but with an objective lens as camera to reduce all aberrations at a maximum. The result is shown in the figure below. Ponchado borned, which means robust or strong in familiar mexican language.

Ponchado configuration


Ponchado in the Lab The spectrograph together with the CCD camera and controller. The laptop displays the spectrum of Comet Hyakutake 
Ponchado´s internal detail Anatomy of Ponchado showing the shutter, the Collimator (f 300 mm, F/6), the grating (600 grooves/mm and blazed to 500 nm) mounted in a rotation stage, the camera objective (f 100 mm, F/2) and the CCD camera (Hale Research, Tektronix 512 x 512, 27 microns pixel, Peltier cooler).
Quantum Efficiency plot of the system These curves show the total throughput of the fibre and spectrograph optics:  135 microns fibre (including FRD); Collimator; Grating (a) 600 grooves/mm and blazed to 500 nm, (b) holographic 1200 grooves/mm; and objective Canon f 100 mm.

Our detector was a front illuminated CCD from Hale Research (UK)


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