European
Southern
Observatory
ESO Science Newsletter June 2025
04 Jun 2025

This newsletter is a summary of recent ESO Science Announcement items. Follow the links or visit ESO Science Announcements to read more.



Science Announcements


Call for Proposals for ALMA Development Studies

28 May 2025:

ESO is pleased to announce the Call for Proposals (CfP) for development studies for ALMA upgrades, with a deadline for proposal submission on Wednesday 27 August 2025 at 11:00am CEST. Interested institutes should register on the In-Tend portal and express interest in the ALMA Development Studies 2025 with reference FCFP-129429-AMA. The specific focus of this call includes the relevance to the implementation of the ALMA Development Roadmap priorities, and particularly the development of new receiver components allowing an expansion to 4x the current IF bandwidth, as well as software initiatives that enable and maximize the science output of the Wideband Sensitivity Upgrade.

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4MOST Survey Management Plan Published

27 May 2025:

Following an extended review and acceptance process, the 4MOST survey management plan (SMP) for the five year public surveys is now available. The 4MOST SMP documents describe the timeline of the public releases, the project organisation, the preparation and data acquisition, data processing and publication of the science data products. It includes an extended description of the single surveys, with detailed specific information on the target selection and on the science data products associated with the individual science cases. While the raw data are immediately public, the science data products will be released according to the data release plan detailed in the document available from the 4MOST SMP web page.

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SOXS Day, 1st July 2025, ESO-Garching bei München

27 May 2025:

ESO will host a SOXS day on July 1, 2025, to present the SOXS instrument and its science opportunitites to the community. During this day, talks will be delivered on the instrument capabilites and the operations model, the science opportunities and the GTO programme, and the policies that will govern the operations of SOXS. Further, there will be time for questions and discussions. The meeting will be held at the ESO HQ in Garching in hybrid mode. Potential participants are kindly asked to register.

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ESO Summer School: "Writing and Communicating your Science", 4-8 August 2025, Garching near Munich, Germany

23 May 2025:

Good science deserves great communication! ESO is pleased to announce the first ESO science writing school, which will take place over one week in August, at the ESO headquarters in Garching, Germany. This school is designed to empower (mostly) PhD students and early-career postdocs with the tools and confidence to effectively present their scientific research – both in writing and in person.

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Release of NIRPS Pipeline Reduced Spectra

20 May 2025:

This is the collection of reduced spectra from the high-resolution near-infrared spectrograph NIRPS (Near Infra-Red Planet Searcher) in operation at the ESO La Silla 3.6m telescope. NIRPS complements HARPS, extending its capability into the infrared. It offers a wavelength range from 970 to 1850 nm. The median resolving power is 82000 in the High Accuracy mode and 75000 in High Efficiency mode.

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First Data Release of the PHANGS–MUSE Nebular Catalogue

16 May 2025:

The first release of the PHANGS–MUSE Nebular Catalogue (PI: Schinnerer) is now available from the ESO Science Archive Facility. This release is based on integral-field spectroscopic observations obtained with the MUSE instrument at the VLT, primarily under the PHANGS–MUSE Large Programme, and supplemented by data from additional ESO programmes (see PHANGS-MUSE release description).

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Issue 194 of The Messenger is Available Online

15 May 2025:

The latest Edition of ESO's Science and Technology Journal, The Messenger, is now available online. In this issue 194 you will find out about several updates on telescopes and instrumentation in La Silla and Paranal observatories, like the Near-InfraRed Planet Searcher (NIRPS) and its combination with NIRPS to create a unique dual optical-infrared precision velocimeter or the upcoming PoET: the Paranal solar ESPRESSO Telescope. The Astronomical Science section features articles on how VLT/MUSE has enabled studies of the inner globular cluster systems of massive galaxies, as well as about the discovery of young stars in dwarf spheroidal galaxies and what they tell us about their recent infall into the Milky Way.  

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Second Data Release of ePESSTO+, the Advanced Public ESO Spectroscopic Survey of Transient Objects

30 Apr 2025:

The ePESSTO+ collection (PI: Inserra, ESO program IDs 1103.D-0328 and 106.216C, instruments EFOSC and SOFI) gathers a detailed spectroscopic follow up of supernovae at the extremes of the known population, e.g. the most luminous, the faintest, the fast declining, etc. This second release contains 1215 spectra for 689 objects, observed from October 2021 to June 2023, with related 602 infrared images. It uses standard EFOSC2 setups with resolutions of 13-17Å between 3680-10320Å, SOFI spectroscopy for brighter science targets, with the blue and red (rarely) grisms (resolutions 23Å - 33Å), and SOFI imaging with broadband JHKs filters. The 101 key science targets of this release (see Table 3 of the DR2 release description) complement the 178 of previous release, with 11 key targets being in common (see Table 3 of the DR1 release description).

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Upcoming ESO or ESO-related workshops
 
 
  • SOXS Day
    Garching bei München, 1 July 2025

ESO will host a SOXS day on July 1, 2025, to present the SOXS instrument and its science opportunitites to the community. During this day, talks will be delivered on the instrument capabilites and the operations model, the science opportunities and the GTO programme, and the policies that will govern the operations of SOXS. Further, there will be time for questions and discussions. 

 

The intricate physics governing galaxy evolution, from inflows and outflows to star formation-driven turbulence and stellar feedback, operate on small scales, often just a few parsec. For years, such detailed resolution was achievable only for the Milky Way and its immediate satellites. However, recent advancements driven by major investments for ESO facilities, including ALMA and the VLT, along with synergetic instruments such as the HST, JWST, SITELLE, VLA, and MeerKAT, have triggered a scientific revolution. In response to these exciting advancements, ESO is pleased to announce a workshop dedicated to exploring the latest developments in resolved galaxy properties and evolution. This workshop will bring together leading experts to discuss recent scientific findings and prepare for future breakthroughs in the field.

 

There is no science without communication and no successful scientists without good writing and presentation skills. You can do the best science that exists, if you don’t write papers about it – papers that get cited! – and if you don’t give presentations that impress people, your science will likely be ignored. Moreover, if you do not write convincing proposals that appeal to non-specialists, you won’t get observing time, nor the coveted post-doc position and certainly not the very competitive but needed grants to fund your research. Finally, as a scientist, it is your duty and privilege to communicate your science to the general public, policy makers and the media, and like all the rest, this is something that needs to be learned.
The one week-long course will allow you to learn how to get your message across in the various supports you need to use as a scientist. At the end of the week, you will be able to write more easily convincing papers and give stunning presentations. You will also learn how to deal with various publics.

 

Understanding the mechanisms—AGN and stellar feedback—that drive the expulsion and redistribution of baryons in collapsed structures remains a cornerstone of our paradigm for galaxy formation and evolution. These processes are simultaneously the greatest strength and the most significant challenge for theoretical models. While current models can successfully reproduce key observables, such as the evolution of the galaxy stellar mass function and the hot gas content of massive clusters, they diverge considerably in their predictions.

 

Understanding how giant and rocky planets form and evolve, their internal structure and that of their atmosphere, represents one of the major challenges of modern astronomy, which is directly linked to the ultimate search for life by 2040. At the Horizon 2028-2030, the Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) will shine its first light on the sky. The high angular resolution and the great collecting capacity associated with the extreme sensitivity of the instruments will allow unprecedented observations of the regions of planetary formation and exoplanetary systems. In this perspective, the ESO community has developed a key expertise on the study of the initial conditions of planetary formation, the search for exoplanets, the atmospheric characterisation of giant and rocky exoplanets, and the search for biomarkers. This community includes various international laboratories and scientists who are also heavily involved at a technical and scientific level in the construction, scientific preparation and operation of the ELT instruments, and who have the opportunity to play a key role in ensuring a global return and shared success in the exploitation of the ELT.