Nota de prensa

APEX DETECTA FLUJOS DESDE AGUJERO NEGRO EN CENTAURUS A

28 de Enero de 2009

Los astrónomos poseen una nueva comprensión de la activa galaxia Centaurus A (NGC 5128), ya que, por primera vez, los chorros y lóbulos que emanan del agujero negro central han sido fotografiados en longitudes de onda submilimétricas. La nueva información del telescopio Atacama Pathfinder Experiment (APEX) en Chile, fue combinada con longitudes de onda visibles y de rayos-X para producir esta sorprendente nueva imagen.

Centaurus A es nuestra galaxia gigante más cercana, a una distancia de cerca de 13 millones de años-luz en la constelación austral de Centaurus. Es una galaxia elíptica que se fusiona actualmente con una galaxia espiral compañera, produciendo áreas de intensa formación de estrellas que lo convierten en uno de los objetos más espectaculares del cielo. Centaurus A alberga una región central muy activa y altamente luminosa, causada por la presencia de un agujero negro súper masivo, y es fuente de intensas emisiones de radio y rayos-X.

En la imagen vemos el anillo de polvo rodeando la galaxia gigante, y los rápidos chorros de radio siendo expulsados desde el centro de la galaxia, señal de la presencia del agujero negro súper masivo en el corazón de Centaurus A. En luz submilimétrica vemos no sólo el brillo caliente del disco de polvo central, sino además la emisión desde la fuente de radio central y –por primera vez en submilimétrico- los lóbulos de radio interiores al norte y sur del disco. Las mediciones de esta emisión, que ocurre cuando los electrones de movimientos rápidos giran en espiral alrededor de las líneas de un campo magnético, revelan que el material en el chorro está viajando a aproximadamente la mitad de la velocidad de la luz. En la emisión de rayos X, vemos los chorros emergiendo desde el centro de Centaurus A, y en la zona inferior derecha de la galaxia, el brillo donde el lóbulo en expansión colisiona con el gas circundante, creando una onda de choque.

La gran cámara bolométrica LABOCA, construida por el Instituto Max Planck para la Radio Astronomía (MPIfR, por su sigla en inglés), está instalada en APEX, una antena de longitudes de onda submilimétricas de 12 metros de diámetro, ubicada a 5.000 metros de altura en el llano de Chajnantor, en el Desierto de Atacama (Chile). APEX es una colaboración entre el MPIfR, el Observatorio Espacial Onsala (Suecia) y ESO. APEX se basa en un prototipo construido para la próxima generación de antenas del proyecto ALMA, el Gran Conjunto Milimétrico / submilimétrico de Atacama. La operación de APEX en Chajnantor, está encomendada a ESO.

Las observaciones realizadas por APEX de Centaurus A son presentadas en el trabajo de Axel Weiss y otros 2008, “LABOCA observations of nearby, active galaxies”, A&A, 490, 77–86.

Contactos

Douglas Pierce-Price
ESO
Garching, Germany
Teléfono: +49 89 3200 6759
Correo electrónico: dpiercep@eso.org

Valentina Rodriguez
ESO
Chile
Teléfono: +56 2 463 3123
Correo electrónico: vrodrigu@eso.org

Francisco Rodríguez (Contacto para medios de comunicación en Chile)
Red de Difusión Científica de ESO y European Southern Observatory
Teléfono: +56-2-463-3151
Correo electrónico: eson-chile@eso.org

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Esta es una traducción de la nota de prensa de ESO eso0903.

Acerca de la nota de prensa

Nota de prensa No.:eso0903es-cl
Legacy ID:PR 03/09
Nombre:Centaurus A, NGC 5128
Tipo:Local Universe : Galaxy : Type : Elliptical
Facility:Atacama Pathfinder Experiment, Chandra X-ray Observatory, MPG/ESO 2.2-metre telescope
Instruments:LABOCA
Science data:2008A&A...490...77W

Imágenes

APEX detecta flujos desde agujero negro en Centaurus A
APEX detecta flujos desde agujero negro en Centaurus A

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