Nota de prensa

Siguiendo la Pista del Gato Cósmico

20 de Enero de 2010

ESO acaba de dar a conocer una impresionante imagen de la vasta nube conocida como Nebulosa Pata de Gato o NGC 6334. Esta compleja zona de gas y polvo, donde nacen numerosas estrellas masivas, se encuentra cerca del corazón de nuestra galaxia, la Vía Láctea, y es intensamente oscurecida por nubes de polvo que se interponen.

Pocos objetos del cielo han sido tan correctamente nombrados como la Nebulosa Pata de Gato, una nube de gas radiante que parece la gigantesca huella de un gato cósmico recorriendo el Universo. El astrónomo británico John Herschel fue quien primero registró a NGC 6334, en 1837, durante su estadía en Sudáfrica. Si bien usó uno de los telescopios más grandes del mundo en su tiempo, al parecer Herschel sólo notó la parte más brillante de la nube, que se observa aquí hacia abajo a la izquierda.

NGC 6334 está a unos 5.500 años-luz de distancia en dirección a la constelación Scorpius (el Escorpión) y cubre un área del cielo un poco mayor que la Luna llena. La nube de gas completa tiene de cerca de 50 años-luz de extensión. La nebulosa aparece de color rojo pues su luz azul y verde es dispersada y absorbida más eficientemente por el material que existe entre la nebulosa y la Tierra. La luz roja proviene predominantemente de gas hidrógeno incandescente bajo el intenso resplandor de estrellas jóvenes y calientes.

NGC 6334 es una de las zonas de formación de estrellas masivas más activas de nuestra galaxia y ha sido extensamente estudiada por los astrónomos. La nebulosa oculta estrellas azules brillantes recién nacidas, cada una con una masa equivalente a unas diez veces la de nuestro Sol, surgidas en los últimos millones de años. La zona es también hogar de varias estrellas recién nacidas enterradas profundamente en el polvo, por lo que se hace difícil estudiarlas. En total, la Nebulosa Pata de Gato puede contener varias decenas de miles de estrellas.

Particularmente asombrosa es la complicada burbuja roja en la parte de abajo, a la derecha de la imagen. Parece ser más probablemente una estrella expeliendo una gran cantidad de materia a alta velocidad, casi al final de su vida, que el remanente de una estrella que ya ha explotado.

Este nuevo retrato de la Nebulosa Pata de Gato fue creado a partir de imágenes tomadas con el instrumento Wide Field Imager (WFI) instalado en el telescopio MPG/ESO de 2,2 metros en el Observatorio La Silla en Chile, combinando imágenes obtenidas a través de filtros azules, verdes y rojos, así como con un filtro especial diseñado para pasar a través de la luz del hidrógeno incandescente.

Información adicional

ESO, el Observatorio Europeo Austral, es la principal organización astronómica intergubernamental en Europa y el observatorio astronómico más productivo del mundo. Es apoyado por 14 países: Alemania, Austria, Bélgica, Dinamarca, España, Finlandia, Francia, Holanda, Italia, Portugal, el Reino Unido, República Checa, Suecia y Suiza. ESO desarrolla un ambicioso programa enfocado en el diseño, construcción y operación de poderosas instalaciones de observación terrestres que permiten a los astrónomos hacer importantes descubrimientos científicos. ESO también cumple un rol principal en promover y organizar la cooperación en investigación astronómica. ESO opera tres sitios únicos de observación de clase mundial en Chile: La Silla, Paranal y Chajnantor. En Paranal, ESO opera el Very Large Telescope, el observatorio óptico más avanzado del mundo. ESO es el socio europeo de un revolucionario telescopio, ALMA, el proyecto astronómico más grande en existencia. ESO está actualmente planificando un European Extremely Large Telescope, el E-ELT, telescopio óptico y de infrarrojo cercano de 42 metros de diámetro, que llegará a ser “el ojo más grande del mundo hacia el cielo”.

Contactos

Henri Boffin
ESO La Silla-Paranal/E-ELT Press Officer
Garching, Germany
Teléfono: +49 89 3200 6222
Correo electrónico: hboffin@eso.org

José Miguel Mas Hesse (Contacto para medios de comunicación en España)
Red de Difusión Científica de ESO y Centro de Astrobiología (CSIC-INTA)
Madrid, Spain
Teléfono: +34 918131196
Correo electrónico: eson-spain@eso.org

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Esta es una traducción de la nota de prensa de ESO eso1003.

Acerca de la nota de prensa

Nota de prensa No.:eso1003es
Nombre:NGC 6334
Tipo:Milky Way : Nebula : Type : Star Formation
Facility:MPG/ESO 2.2-metre telescope
Instruments:WFI

Imágenes

La Nebulosa Pata de Gato
La Nebulosa Pata de Gato
Alrededor de la Nebulosa Pata de Gato
Alrededor de la Nebulosa Pata de Gato

Videos

Acercamiento a la Nebulosa Pata de Gato
Acercamiento a la Nebulosa Pata de Gato
Recorriendo la Nebulosa Pata de Gato
Recorriendo la Nebulosa Pata de Gato

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