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Constelaciones de satélites y su impacto en la astronomía
19 de Diciembre de 2019
Varias compañías espaciales están elaborando planes para poner constelaciones de satélites en órbitas terrestres relativamente bajas, con diversos propósitos de comunicación. El reciente lanzamiento de múltiples grupos de satélites del proyecto Starlink de Space X, han concitado la atención del público y de los medios, particularmente por la alta visibilidad de los satélites después de su lanzamiento. La comunidad astronómica ha expresado su preocupación por el impacto de estas constelaciones en la investigación científicas.
En coordinación con la Unión Astronómica Internacional (IAU), la Sociedad Astronómica Americana (AAS) y la Real Sociedad Astronómica (RAS), ESO y otros observatorios están evaluando el efecto que tendrán estas constelaciones de satélites sobre las observaciones astronómicas ópticas e infrarrojas con base en tierra. Los resultados se darán a conocer pronto, luego de someterse a una revisión independiente por pares.
Las constelaciones de satélites tendrán impacto sobre los observatorios que operan en el rango milimétrico, submilimétrico y de radio, incluyendo el Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) y el Atacama Pathfinder Experiment (APEX). ESO tiene estatus de observador en el Comité de Frecuencias de Radioastronomía (CRAF), una comunidad europea de expertos independientes, vinculado con la Unión Internacional de Telecomunicaciones y con las administraciones nacionales responsables de la gestión del espectro, a fin de proteger los intereses de la radioastronomía. ESO está realizando un seguimiento de las constelaciones de satélites con CRAF, junto a sus socios de ALMA en América del Norte y Asia Oriental.
ESO en coordinación con AAS e IAU, está tomando medidas para crear conciencia sobre este tema en foros globales, tales como la Comisión de las Naciones Unidas sobre la Utilización del Espacio Ultraterrestre con Fines Pacíficos, mientras explora soluciones prácticas con empresas espaciales para proteger las enormes inversiones en instalaciones de astronomía terrestre de vanguardia. ESO apoya el desarrollo de marcos regulatorios que en definitiva, garanticen una coexistencia armoniosa entre avances tecnológicos sumamente prometedores en la órbita terrestre baja con las condiciones que permitan que la humanidad prosiga sus observaciones y su comprensión del Universo.
Enlaces
Contactos
Andrew Williams
ESO External Relations Officer
Office of the Director General
Tel: +49 89 320 062 78
Email: awilliam@eso.org
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