Srovnání obrázků kupy galaxií s hmotností dvou biliard Sluncí
Kupa galaxií, která je vidět na tomto úžasném obrázku, je velmi hmotná - a ohýbá prostor okolo sebe. Jmenuje se RCS2 J2327 a patří k nejhmotnějších kupám, které se nacházejí na podobných či větších vzdálenostech.
Velmi hmotné objekty, jako je třeba RCS2 J2327, mají velký vliv na své okolí tím, že kolem sebe ohýbají prostor. Tomuto jevu se říká gravitační čočkování. Světlo ze vzdálenějších objektů (ležících za čočkujícími objekty) je ohnuto, případně zesíleno. Díky tomu můžeme vidět galaxie, které by jinak byly příliš daleko (a příliš slabé), než abychom je dokázali pozorovat. Gravitační čočkování je jednou z předpovědí Einsteinovy obecné teorie relativity a vyskytuje se ve třech formách: silné čočkování, slabé čočkování a mikročočkování. Na rozdíl od silného čočkování, které vytváří neuvěřitelné obrazy pokroucených galaxií a zvlněných oblouků a také Einsteinovy prstence, se slabé gravitační čočkování obvykle se studuje statisticky.
Obrázek je složen z pozorování pomocí přístroje HAWK-I na dalekohledu VLT/ESO a pomocí kamery Advanced Camera for Surveys na dalekohledu HST (NASA/ESA). Demonstruje působivou spolupráci při studiu slabého čočkování ve vesmíru. Díky ní se zjistilo, že hmotnost kupy RCS2 J2327 je dvě biliardy Sluncí.
Pomocí posuvníku uprostřed je možné pozorovat modrobílou mapu rozložení hmotnosti, která ukazuje, jak moc hmoty je soustředěno v dané oblasti. Tuhle mapu bylo možné vytvořit jenom díky přesnému měření gravitačních efektů v různých částech kupy.
Odkazy:
HAWK-I a Hubble zkoumají kupu galaxií o hmotnosti dvou biliard Sluncí
Kupa galaxií RCS2 J2327
Vědecký článek Schrabback a spol.
Kredit
ESO & ESA/Hubble & NASA
O porovnání snímku
| Id: | potw1752a |
| Datum zveřejnění: | 25. prosince 2017 6:00 |
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