Oznámení 2018

29. června 2018: Near Earth Objects (NEOs) are bodies in the Solar System with orbits that can bring them into close proximity with the Earth. Every day, many of these objects collide with our planet, but most are too small to have any noticeable effect. However, there are larger objects that lurk within our Solar System with the potential to impact the Earth, like the large Chelyabinsk meteor in 2013, or even larger — like the devastating asteroid impact that wiped out the dinosaurs. With the fate of the world at stake, scientists and engineers are working hard to protect us from these collisions. In ESOcast 168 we hear from Olivier Hainaut, an ESO astronomer, who explains the origin and nature of NEOs. He will also explore the potential threat NEOs pose to life on Earth, how we study them with ESO telescopes like the VLT, and how scientists plan to shield the ...

27. června 2018: Astronomers have found that ‘Oumuamua, the first interstellar object discovered in the Solar System, is moving away from the Sun faster than expected. Using data from ESO’s Very Large Telescope, and from NASA/ESA’s Hubble Space Telescope, a team of researchers concluded that ‘Oumuamua is most likely outgassing — suggesting that this enigmatic interstellar nomad is a peculiar comet rather than an asteroid. You can subscribe to the ESOcasts on iTunes, receive future episodes on YouTube or follow us on Vimeo. Many other ESOcast episodes are also available. Find out how to view and contribute subtitles to the ESOcast in multiple languages, or translate this video on YouTube.

26. června 2018: The latest issue of the free magazine Science in School is now available online and in print. This European journal for science teachers offers up-to-date information on cutting-edge science, teaching materials and projects in science education, interviews with inspiring scientists and teachers, reviews of books and other resources, and many other useful resources for science teachers. It aims to promote science teaching by encouraging communication between teachers, scientists and everyone else involved in European science education. Some of the highlights of this issue include: an article about the curation of “big data” in molecular biology; an overview of the Astro Pi challenge for schools; and a fascinating article on the evolution of new species. Teaching activities include: experiments with bananas to learn about biochemical processes; using road safety as a means of teaching physics; and a set of chemistry experiments involving the distillation of aromatic plant materials. Science in School ...

25. června 2018: ESO will be teaming up with ESA to co-produce a webcast that will be streamed live from the ESO Supernova Planetarium & Visitor Centre on Asteroid Day 2018, 30 June 2018. The programme will stream from 13:00 CEST on the ESO frontpage. 30 June 2018 marks 110 years since an asteroid exploded over sparsely populated Siberia near the Stony Tunguska River, flattening over 2,000 square kilometres of forest — an area larger than London — in the largest recorded impact event in human history. No-one was harmed in the Tunguska event, but it is estimated that over one million asteroids have the potential to impact the Earth, and so far we have detected just 1% of them. To raise awareness of the asteroid impact hazard, a global campaign, called Asteroid Day, was endorsed by the United Nations in 2016. This year, ESO will be joining forces with ESA to present ...

20. června 2018: ESO has signed a contract with the California-based company Teledyne Imaging Sensors for the purchase of the detectors needed to build three instruments for ESO’s upcoming Extremely Large Telescope (ELT), which is currently under construction at the summit of Cerro Armazones in Chile. This contract secures the state-of-the art infrared detecting devices necessary to construct the sensitive eyes of MICADO, HARMONI, and METIS, cutting-edge instruments which will allow astronomers to probe galaxies in the early Universe, study the stars and gas of nearby galaxies, and characterise exoplanets using the largest optical/near-infrared telescope in the world. MICADO, the Multi-Adaptive Optics Imaging Camera for Deep Observations will be the first dedicated imager for the ELT. It will also have spectroscopic capabilities, ideal for obtaining spectra of compact objects such as supernovae. The design of MICADO was driven by a desire for high sensitivity and resolution, and will result in an imager with ...

19. června 2018: Each year, several outstanding early-career scientists have the opportunity to further develop their independent research through post-doctoral programmes at ESO. The ESO Fellowship Programme is available both in Chile and Germany. Applications open in summer and the deadline is 15 October. ESOCast 165 delves into life as an ESO Fellow, and explores the opportunities, experiences, and benefits ESO Fellows can enjoy working in the world’s foremost intergovernmental ground-based astronomy organisation. With this programme ESO Fellows develop their scientific profiles, benefiting from a rich scientific environment. They also work independently to develop their own research projects and contribute effectively to collaborative scientific endeavours, while preparing to take on higher scientific, administrative or managerial responsibilities in future positions. At ESO Headquarters in Garching, Germany, Fellowships are granted for three years. Fellows spend at least 75% of their time on their scientific research, while up to 25% of their time is dedicated to ...

19. června 2018: The winners of this year’s AstroCamera competition have been announced. Polish astrophotographer Andrzej Fijołek is the winner in the Deep Sky Objects category for his spellbinding image of the Horsehead Nebula. Luigi Fiorentino of Italy took first place in the Solar System Objects category, and Petr Horálek received first prize in the Astrolandscape category. The best three entries in each of the three categories will receive grants from the organisers, while ESO, as one of the partners of the event, will award prizes in the form of books and DVDs for the entries that have received honourable mentions from the judges. Initially launched on 28 January 2011 in conjunction with the 400th anniversary of the birth of the 17th century astronomer Johannes Hevelius, the competition is open to all astronomy and astrophotography enthusiasts. The life and achievements of Hevelius, a renowned observer of the night sky, have inspired the Hewelianum ...

18. června 2018: The contract for the design, manufacture and installation of the coating plant for the primary mirror segments of ESO’s Extremely Large Telescope has been awarded to Belgium-based AGC Glass Europe. The company will be responsible for the construction of the facilities at ESO’s Paranal Observatory in northern Chile which will be used to coat the telescope’s individual primary mirror segments with a protected layer of highly reflective silver. The contract was signed by Patrick Van Bortel, Vice-President of Industrial Glass and New Businesses, AGC Glass Europe, and Xavier Barcons, Director General of ESO, at a ceremony held at ESO Headquarters in Garching, Germany on 18 June 2018. A third signatory, Philippe Bastien, Regional President Building and Industrial Glass, AGC Glass Europe, was unable to attend the signature event and signed the contract beforehand. Christian Klima, the Honorary Consul of the Kingdom of Belgium in Bavaria and Quentin Derzelle, the Trade ...

14. června 2018: The winner of the AstroCamp 2018 bursary offered by ESO has now been selected from over 50 applications from more than 10 countries. ESO is delighted to announce that Paloma Thevenet, a French citizen living in Italy, is the winner of the ESO bursary. The standard of applications was extremely high, from a variety of enthusiastic future scientists and engineers keen to attend this year’s camp. The ESO bursary covers the full cost of the camp, providing Paloma with financial assistance to participate in this potentially career-defining event. AstroCamp is an academic programme devoted to astronomy and physics, organised by the Centre for Astrophysics of the University of Porto (CAUP) and the Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences. The camp will take place from 5 to 19 August 2018 at the Centre for Environmental Education and Interpretation of the Corno de Bico Protected Landscape, in a secluded and tranquil setting ...

14. června 2018: ESO is proud to announce the release of Europe to the Stars, a brand new open-source planetarium show that tells the story of ESO’s exploration of the southern sky. This stunning movie takes viewers on an epic journey behind the scenes of the most productive ground-based observatory in the world. Europe to the Stars will be part of the programme at the ESO Supernova from Friday 22 June and is available to download for free from the ESO website. ESO’s latest planetarium movie Europe to the Stars is now available to download for free in fulldome format. Expressing cosmic curiosity, courage and perseverance, Europe to the Stars captures the story of ESO’s epic adventure — the story of discovering a Universe of deep mysteries and hidden secrets, and the story of designing, building and operating the most powerful ground-based telescopes on the planet. The film takes viewers on a journey ...

12. června 2018: On 31 May 2018, ESO received the Friend of Marca España award in Santiago, Chile. The award ceremony took place at the annual dinner organised by the Spanish Chamber of Commerce in Chile, and the prizes were awarded by Marca España, a government agency devoted to promoting Spain’s international image. The Friends of Marca España prizes are awarded annually to individuals and organisations that have been singled out for reinforcing the cooperation between Spain and the country where the award ceremony takes place. In 2018, on the occasion of the Friends of Marca España awards in Chile, ESO has been distinguished for its continued efforts to further strengthen and nurture collaboration between European and Chilean astronomy. The award was collected by Fernando Comerón, former ESO Representative in Chile, on behalf of ESO. In his acceptance speech Comerón remarked that “The distinction acknowledges the collective task of a European organisation that ...

12. června 2018: The ESO Annual Report 2017 is now available. It presents a summary of ESO’s many activities throughout the year. The contents include: Research highlights from ESO facilities, involving the first detections and discoveries of exotic astronomical objects, and the latest results covering aspects of astronomy ranging from the Sun to planets around other stars and high-redshift galaxies. A summary of the activities at ESO’s observatories in Chile. The latest news from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) projects. News about ESO staff (including the International Staff Association and Local Staff Representatives), new diversity initiatives and ESO buildings — including the ALMA Residencia and the recently opened ESO Supernova Planetarium & Visitor Centre. This product is available to download for free and is available to buy in the ESOshop.

11. června 2018: To enhance its programme of scientific cooperation with its host country, ESO provides and manages an annual fund devoted to the development of disciplines related to astronomy and technology in Chile. The board, which consists of representatives of ESO and the Chilean Government (working through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs), evaluates and selects the programmes to be supported by this fund. These fall into five areas: ESO grant funding to postdoctoral programmes in astronomy at Chilean academic institutions. Funding for academic faculty positions for periods of up to two years at Chilean academic institutions. Funding to support the development and presentation of educational programmes for the teaching and dissemination of astronomy in Chile. Funding to support development programmes and the construction of technological systems for astronomy. Funding to support the development of astronomy in areas not covered by the above four categories. The Joint Committee of ESO and the Government ...

11. června 2018: From 18–23 June 2018, scientists, engineers, diplomats, and government officials from around the world will gather at the United Nations (UN) Headquarters in Vienna for UNISPACE+50. This major event celebrates the fiftieth anniversary of the first UN Conference on the Exploration and Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, and aims to lay the foundation for the Space 2030 agenda — a framework for global cooperation in space science and exploration for the benefit of humankind. UNISPACE+50 also marks the start of a special “high level segment” of the UN Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS). Both UNISPACE+50 and the UN COPUOS are organised by the UN Office of Outer Space Affairs. Recognising that astronomy has played and will continue to play a foundational role in space exploration — from the rich cultural heritage tied to observing the heavens, to the development of critical skills, technologies and scientific knowledge ...

6. června 2018: On 6 June 2018, at its meeting in Garching, Germany, ESO’s governing body, the Council, unanimously approved the accession of Ireland into ESO. The ESO Director General, Xavier Barcons, now has the green light to proceed to sign the Accession Agreement with representatives of the Irish government, which is expected later in the year. Once Dáil Éireann (the Irish Parliament) ratifies the Accession Agreement Ireland will become ESO’s 16th Member State. Ireland has a long tradition in astronomy and a vibrant research community, which has supported ESO membership for many years. For several decades in the nineteenth century, Ireland hosted the world’s largest telescope — the Leviathan of Parsonstown — a 1.8-metre reflecting telescope at Birr Castle. The grounds of Birr Castle are now home to I-LOFAR, the Irish link to a Europe wide low-frequency radio telescope. Around 200 researchers currently work in major astronomy and astrophysics disciplines, in nine ...

6. června 2018: ESO astronomer Claudio Melo has become ESO’s new Representative in Chile. He replaces Fernando Comerón, who has been ESO Representative since 2013. Claudio explains how he views his new role: “I am thrilled to use the wonders of the Universe and the educational potential of astronomy to inspire young people across the world and especially in Chile. Along with the ESO staff, I aim to continue Fernando’s successful work and nurture the already very good relations with government officials as well as the vibrant scientific community in Chile and beyond.” Melo originally comes from Natal, Brazil where he obtained his BSc and MSc in physics and astrophysics respectively at the UFRN (Natal) working with Jose De Medeiros. He then went on to complete a PhD from 1996-2001 at Geneva Observatory (Geneva University), Switzerland where he studied young stars under the supervision of Michel Mayor. Melo joined ESO in 2002 as ...

4. června 2018: Prizes have been presented to the winners of the 2018 Photo NightScape Awards at a ceremony at the NightScapades festival, the first international festival of astrophotography to be held in France. ESO is a partner in the Photo NightScape competition, which is organised by the non-profit organisation Chasseurs de Nuits. The winning entries, which were announced on 2 May, were chosen from almost 400 captivating astronomical timelapses and photographs. Entries were submitted to the jury across four categories — Nightscape, In Town, Timelapse and Junior, with first and second place prizes awarded in each category. The first prize in the Nightscape category, which was open to all images captured between sunset and sunrise, went to Stefan Liebermann from Germany. He submitted a beautiful image of the Milky Way arching over the dead trees and desert landscape of the Namibian Deadvlei clay pan. His prize is a Nikon D7500 camera, a ...

25. května 2018: ESO’s Very Large Telescope, the flagship facility for European ground-based astronomy, celebrates its 20th anniversary today. The first of the VLT’s Unit Telescopes saw first light on 25 May 1998, ushering in a new era of astronomy. Over the following years three more 8.2-metre Unit Telescopes were completed and these giants were joined by the four smaller Auxiliary Telescopes (ATs) that form part of the VLT Interferometer. The interferometer first combined the light from two ATs in 2005, creating a virtual telescope up to 200 metres in diameter that now regularly observes the surfaces of stars. The VLT could not function without its world-class suite of instruments, which have been developed in collaboration with astronomers and engineers in the ESO community. A spectacular recent addition to the VLT is the 4 Laser Guide Star Facility, which projects four 22-watt laser beams into the upper atmosphere to create artificial stars that ...

17. května 2018: From 17 May to 2 September 2018, the ESO Supernova Planetarium & Visitor Centre will display it’s first temporary exhibition — Our Place in Space. This small free-of-charge showcase of art and science is inspired by the spectacular images of the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope and encourages visitors to consider where humanity fits into the grand scheme of the Universe. Works from eleven Italian artists are presented to provide a unique view of the Universe and our place within it. For more than 28 years, the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope has been expanding our cosmic horizons. It is one of the most ambitious and successful astronomy missions ever flown in space and is a great example of a successful international partnership. Not only has this magnificent telescope revealed and shared the beauty, wonder, and complexity of the Universe, but it has also brought astronomy to the public eye, greatly impacting ...

17. května 2018: In April 2018, a team composed of scientists and engineers from the Geneva Observatory and ESO were at the La Silla Observatory to commission HELIOS (HARPS Experiment for Light Integrated Over the Sun) [1]. This novel device was built under an agreement between ESO, the University of Geneva and the Centro de Astrofísica da Universidade do Porto [2]. HELIOS is a solar telescope feeding the HARPS (High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher) instrument, which is attached to the ESO 3.6-metre telescope. HARPS is one of the most powerful planet hunters in existence and spends most nights monitoring stars for minute signals that indicate the presence of an exoplanet. HARPS has unparalleled accuracy and is regularly generating results that will present fresh challenges for future telescopes such as ESO’s Extremely Large Telescope. HELIOS will be able to feed sunlight into HARPS to achieve very high precision spectroscopy of the Sun for ...